AN OPEN LETTER TO THE PRESBYTERIAN CHURCH (U.S.A) FROM A GROUP OF CONCERNED AFRICAN-AMERICAN CLERGY AND LAITY

Dear Brothers and Sisters:

The occasion for this letter is the present crisis in the life and witness of our church, threatening our understanding of the Reformed tradition with respect to membership and leadership standards, sexuality, and professional ethics. Rancor, name-calling, recrimination, and self-righteousness have so far marked the discussion of these questions among Presbyterians. Today these bitter responses, so contrary to the spirit and letter of Reformed theology and ethics, threaten to tear apart this church of which we, though unjustly treated, have been loyal and critical members since the founding of the First African Presbyterian Church in Philadelphia 190 years ago. It is out of our own historic struggle against Christian prejudice and discrimination, and our distinctive experience of the providence of God through Jesus Christ, as Liberator, that we boldly make this urgent testimony of concern and challenge.

OUR CONCERN FOR JUSTICE

In this century many Reformed Christians, particularly in South Africa, Latin America, and several areas of the Third World, have made social justice for long-suffering racial/ethnic groups and women the highest priority of the Church's mission. In our own country Black Presbyterians, from the earliest decades of the 19th century to these closing years of the 20th, have led our church in justice action on behalf of people who have been objects of scorn, disenfranchisement, and marginalization in the church and society because of race, class, culture, gender and stigmas that some attach to anyone who diverges from what others consider the God-given norm.

We find it a sad irony that some Presbyterians would adopt legalistic strategies of those who oppose the remedial measure of affirmative action, the reform of unjust criminal justice codes, and the development of a more compassionate system of public welfare. These Presbyterians, by using a strict and inflexible interpretation of biblical texts and the constitution of the Church, seek to establish a hierarchy of sins by which they can single out and exclude other sisters and brothers from participation as full members of our Church (Romans 3:21-23). The modern creeds and constitutions of the Refomed family of churches are open rather than closed interpretations of Scripture and tradition. They focus upon the grace and mercy of God through Christ. They discourage every form of extremism, calling upon each of us to accept, as Christ did, those who have been despised and cast out. They ask us to strive for mutual respect and harmony with those who may disagree with us, and to reounce personal defamation and humiliation as weapons of Christian debate.

OUR CONCERN FOR LOVE AND UNDERSTANDING

Because God through Christ loves us, as unlovable as we are, we are bound to love others (I John 4:19), even those whose sincere ethical choices, opinions, and behavior may be different from our own. Whatever may have been the case in 16th century Geneva and Edinburgh, moderation and civility, not recrimination, are marks of the Reformed tradition today. More than ever before we understand our wrestling to be not against flesh and blood, but against principalities and powers (Ephesians 6:12) that are able to apply sanctions on behalf of or against both scientific knowledge and Christian moral judgments in ways with which previous generations did not have to deal.

In the confusion of norms and values the greatest gift that each of us has to give or receive is love. The greatest expressions of love, as we know it in Christ, are empathy, compassion, understanding, and "standing with," as Christ did, those who are rejected by the scribes and Pharisees. African-American Presbyterians and other racial/ethnic groups in our church have suffered for years from the absence of such qualities and expressions of Christian agape. We know the pain of separation, disparagement, and descrimination. We cannot be neutral in the atmosphere of hostility which currently seems to focus on those whose opinions, actions, sexual orientations, or self-understandings may not be conventional or sanctioned by many. Love demands that we accept and respect each other in Christ, and set aside self-righteous scorn and ridicule, political wrangling, and ecclesiastical terrorism. Only so can we come to the table of sisterhood and brotherhood and strive for understanding and mutuality in order that our true mission, which is to proclaim and demonstrate the good news about Christ, may be advanced in our church and around the world.

OUR CONCERN FOR UNITY

John Calvin wrote: "The Lord has bound [hu]mankind together in a certain unity." That unity is modeled in the unity of the Church of Christ. That unity is also concrete and functional. An ecumenical statement, "Toward a Common Expression of Faith: A Black North American Perspective," issued by an ecumenical conference of African-American theologians on December 15, 1984, declared:

    Unity is frequently confused with "Anglo-conformity" -- strict adherence to 
    premises and perspectives based upon the world view and ethos of the North
    Atlantic Community, with its history of racial oppression. Christian unity
    is, however, based upon the worship of a common Creator who is no respecter
    of persons...whose commandment to break every yoke is not abrogated by the
    gracious justification of sinners [by Christ, but] the sharing of whose 
    suffering and ordeal makes us truly one, though of many races and cultures. 

As African-American Presbyterians, we refuse to spiritualize Christian unity with pious words about how much "we love sinners, but hate their sin," and how much we accept those different from ourselves even as we effectively shut them out of fellowship, church offices, and ministries. We know what it is like to have our voice silenced in the congregations and courts of the church. In the dark days of 1904-1906, we were sacrificed in order that a false unity could be joined through the merger of the Cumberland branch and the Northern branch of American Presbyterianism. The latter acquiesced, over our protests, to racially segregated presbyteries and synods.

Christian unity is more than a spiritual reality. It is also a concrete, visible, and ethical reality in which we demonstrate the unity of the Triune God by accomodation, incorporation, and loving adhesion in and to each other by divine grace, love and forgiveness (Romans 14:10-12).

A CHALLENGE TO SESSIONS, PRESBYTERIES, SYNODS, and GENERAL ASSEMBLY

The time is late, but it is still possible, by the power of the Holy Spirit, to save our church from self-destruction and disunity as we enter the new century. We, therefore, challenge the 210th General Assembly (1998) to address the theological and ethical issues in the current crisis by providing for the convening of a special conference on "The Nature of the Unity We Seek in our Diversity," to be held within six months following the adjournment of the 120th General Assembly (1998).

We further recommend that:

  • the conference include persons who represent the broad diversity and pluralism of the Presbyterian Church (U.S.A) at this point in time;
  • the discussion focus on an informed analysis of the modern history of ecclesiastical conflicts within the Reformed tradition and their resolution; the nature of and need for justice in church and society; the meaning of the love and grace of Jesus Christ in Reformed theology; and the values and contributions of our various diversities in light of the unity already given to us; and
  • the report from this conference, with accompanying documents, be prayerfully received by the 211th General Assembly (1999) as advisory and ministerial counsel for all members and congregations. We also call upon sessions, presbyteries, synods, and theological institutions to consider seriously undertaking similar conferences prior to the convening of the 211th General Assembly (1999).
  • LIST OF SIGNERS IN SUPPORT OF THE PRESBYTERIAN UNITY STATEMENT:

    Rev. Howard A. Bryant, Sr., H.R., Newark Presbytery, NJ
    Dr. Spencer Gibbs, EP NYC Presbytery, NY
    Ms. Blanche Steele, Elder, Washington, DC
    Dr. Reginald Hawkins, Pastor, Charlotte, NC
    Ms. Ethelyn Hammond, Elder, Washington, DC
    Dr. Raymond Worseley, Pastor, Charlotte, NC
    Rev. Daniel Hennigan, Pastor, Charlotte, NC
    Rev. Greg Busby, Pastor, Charlotte, NC
    Willie E. Davis, Elder, Charlotte, NC
    Rev. Dr. Cameron Byrd, President, Rainmaker Ministries, Inc., Washington, DC
    Ms. Jacquelyn Moore, Elder, Washington, DC
    Henry George, Elder, Washington, DC
    Rev. Bryant George, Parish Associate, NY Ave. Presbyterian Church, Washington, DC
    Rev. Roland Gordon, Pastor, San Francisco Presbytery
    Rev. Claude Kilgore, H.R., San Francisco Presbytery
    Dr. J. Oscar McCloud, Associate Pastor, New York, NY
    Rev. James Reese, H.R., Cherry Hill, NJ
    Rev. Dr. George Brooks, H.R., Phoenix, Arizona
    Rev. Dr. Curtis Jones, Baltimore Presbytery
    Rev. Leon Fanniel, H.R., Pacific Presbytery
    Dr. Thelma Adair, Presbytery of NY
    Rev. Dr. Debra Mullen, Chicago, IL
    Dr. Gayraud Wilmore, H.R., Greater Atlanta Presbytery
    Mrs. Virginia Toliver Dowsing
    Rev. Karen Brown, Baltimore Presbytery